What happens to a fuse when excessive current flows through it?

When excessive current flows through a fuse, it melts and breaks the circuit. A fuse is designed as a safety device that protects electrical circuits by preventing the flow of too much current, which can lead to overheating, potential damage, or even fire hazards.

The material of a fuse has a specific melting point, and when the current exceeds the fuse's rated capacity, the heat generated by the excess current causes the fuse element to melt. This melting creates an open circuit, effectively stopping the flow of electricity and safeguarding the rest of the electrical system from damage. This mechanism is crucial in ensuring that electrical systems operate safely and efficiently, making the fuse an essential component in protecting both devices and users from the dangers associated with electrical surges.