What does the term “ampacity” refer to in electrical systems?

Ampacity specifically denotes the maximum amount of electric current (measured in amperes) that a conductor or device can carry before its temperature rises to a level that could cause damage or overheating. This is a critical parameter in electrical engineering and installation, as it ensures safety and reliability in electrical systems. If a conductor is subjected to a current exceeding its ampacity, it risks overheating, which can lead to insulation failure, shorts, or even fires.

This concept is fundamental for selecting appropriate wire sizes for various applications, ensuring compliance with safety standards, and preventing potential hazards. Understanding ampacity helps electricians and engineers design systems that operate efficiently within safe current limits.