In a ladder diagram, what do the two vertical lines typically represent?

In a ladder diagram, the two vertical lines typically represent power supplies. These vertical lines symbolize the electrical potential that feeds the circuit, often referred to as the "hot" side and the "ground" or "neutral" side of the power supply. The horizontal rungs of the ladder represent various control devices, switches, and relays that are connected to these power supplies, creating a visual layout of how the electrical system operates.

Understanding the layout of these power supplies is crucial for troubleshooting and designing electrical systems, as it helps clarify the path that electricity follows within the circuit. By accurately identifying the power supplies in a ladder diagram, technicians and engineers can ensure that their systems are correctly implemented and that they adhere to safety and operational standards.