How is wire gauge measured and what does it indicate?

The measurement of wire gauge follows the American Wire Gauge (AWG) system, which is a standardized system used to indicate the diameter of electrical conductors. In this system, a lower gauge number corresponds to a thicker wire. This is vital because thicker wires can carry more current and have lower resistance, making them more efficient for electrical applications. For example, a 10 AWG wire is significantly thicker than a 20 AWG wire, allowing it to handle larger loads and reduce voltage drop over distances.

Understanding wire gauge is essential for selecting the appropriate wire size in various electrical installations, as it affects safety, performance, and the efficiency of the electrical system.